Caves
>Caves are formed by geologic processes. These may involve a combination of chemical processes, tectonic forces and atmospheric influences.
Solutional caves may form anywhere with rock which is soluble, and are most prevalent in limestone, but can also form in other material, including chalk, dolomite, marble, loess, ice, granite, salt, lava, sandstone, and gypsum. The most common process of cave formation is karstification, which is the solution of rocks by rain water.
Cave formation in limestone occurs because limestone dissolves under the action of rainwater and groundwater charged with CO2 (carbonic acid) and naturally occurring organic acids. The dissolution process produces a distinctive landform known as karst and characterized by sinkholes, sinking streams, and underground drainage.
NPS Photo
What makes karst landscapes distinctive is that they can develop underground channels that allow for the rapid movement of water through rock.
Limestone solution is the single most important process forming caves and the origin of the great majority of all caves on Earth. The reason for this abundance is the facts that limestone is so common and the slowness of the solution process. If it was faster, the lifespan of limestone caves would be much shorter and their number much lower.
Limestone caves are often adorned with calcium carbonate formations produced through slow precipitation, including the most common and well-known stalactites and stalagmites.<
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New cave system discovered in Sequoia National Park: August 19, 2006
Sequoia National Park
From "San Francisco Chronicle":
Magical underground world
Just-discovered cave in Sequoia National Park said to house astounding rock formations, clues to region's geologic history
Chuck Squatriglia, Chronicle Staff Writer
Sunday, September 24, 2006
>Four amateur cave explorers in Sequoia National Park have discovered a vast cave formed 1 million years ago, a labyrinth that stretches more than 1,000 feet into a mountain and features some of the most beautiful rock formations ever seen.
Millions of crystals along its walls shimmer like diamonds. Translucent mineral "curtains" hang from the ceiling. Flowstones that resemble spilled paint dot the floor. A lake that might be 20 feet deep fills one of the cave's five known rooms, and passages leading into darkness suggest there is still much more to see.
The discovery has excited geologists and cave explorers nationwide because although caves are discovered with almost mundane regularity -- 17 of the 240 caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon parks have been found since 2003 -- it is rare to find one so grand. The cave, named Ursa Minor, has been called one of the most significant finds in a generation.
"There are things in this cave that could really open windows into our knowledge of geologic history and the formation of caves throughout the West," said Joel Despain, the parks' cave manager. "We're just beginning to understand the scientific ramifications of this."
Park officials will not pinpoint the cave's location, saying only that it is in the Kaweah River watershed and will probably never be open to the public. Explorers from the nonprofit Cave Research Foundation discovered it on Aug. 19. Through good luck and better eyesight, they happened upon Ursa Minor while headed to lunch.
While most people envision caves as big holes in the ground, cave mouths are usually quite small -- in this case, about the size of a softball. Scott McBride, an explorer from San Andreas (Calaveras County) who has discovered 50 caves since 1994, spotted it, loosely filled with dirt and rock. Fissures around the opening, something a casual observer would miss but a seasoned caver knows might suggest a cave entrance, suggested it was worth a closer look.
"It looked interesting to me, so I broke out my flashlight," he said. "Sure enough, I could see darkness in the hole, which is a good sign."
He kept digging, and when the mouth was just big enough, he poked his head inside. The hole kept going, so he called out to his colleagues to bring shovels. Within a couple of hours, they'd opened up a hole big enough for McBride to squeeze through.
He scooted 25 feet or so down a slight incline, his headlamp lighting the way. He landed in a room so big he couldn't see the other side.
"By that point, I could see that it went back at least 35 feet, and I thought, 'OK, this is a cave,' " he said. "I knew pretty quickly that this was significant."
McBride climbed out to tell his friends. They went for lunch and returned with climbing gear. After 90 minutes of digging, they'd opened up a bigger hole. McBride went first, followed by Mike White.
They made it to the room McBride had already seen, turned a corner and discovered the passage descended 90 feet straight down. Excited, they rappelled into the void, their headlamps lighting the way. They called back to their colleagues, Allen Hager and Tom LeFrank, from the bottom.
No one heard them. They were too far down.
"They'd been yelling at us for 10 minutes, and we couldn't even hear them," said Hager, a caver from Los Angeles.
When they finally got the word, they too went into the hole. The four men spent about an hour exploring the cave in awe before climbing out to alert park officials.
"I was absolutely floored," Hager recalled. "Stunned."
Cavers have a tradition of allowing the person who discovers a cave to name it, and McBride chose "Ursa Minor" because they found a bear skeleton inside and because the cave shimmers like the stars of the Little Dipper.
"I've never seen a cave sparkle like this one," McBride said. "When you shine your light around the room, all the facets reflect your light like a million diamonds."
The four explorers have joined Despain and other geologists in mapping the cave, but they haven't found the end. The cave features five rooms -- the biggest is about 200 feet wide and 50 feet tall -- and at least five leads, or passages, leading farther underground.
"We think we've seen about 1,000 feet of cave passage, but there are areas we can see but haven't explored," Despain said. "We don't know how big this cave is or how much more there might be."
Those who have seen Ursa Minor -- only a dozen people have been allowed in -- said the most impressive thing about it isn't its size but its features.
The floor is covered with stalagmites and flowstones that Despain said look "like someone poured taffy on the floor." Thin, hollow stalactites called soda straws hang from above; the longest are 6 feet.
There are long, thin blades of rock called cave curtains, which are formed by water flowing from overhangs. Some are translucent; others are red, orange or brown. Here and there are piles of cave pearls, calcified balls of sand as large as cherry tomatoes.
"You stand in one of these rooms and it's just jaw-dropping," Despain said. "It's just beautiful."
The cave is littered with animal skeletons and teems with spiders, centipedes, millipedes and other invertebrates. Experts believe Ursa Minor will feature unique species found nowhere else, adding to the 27 never-before-seen species discovered during a recent study of invertebrates in the park's 239 other caves.
Park officials are inviting experts in various fields from throughout the West to help explore the cave, and many are jumping at the chance to visit a pristine cave and see a portion of the Sierra Nevada from the inside.
"Ursa Minor is a very important discovery that likely will help us to understand how caves in the Sierra Nevada form, and perhaps even tell us something about the mountain range itself," said Greg Stock, a geologist at Yosemite National Park who is among those invited to tour the cave.
For now, the top priority is thoroughly mapping the cave and installing a gate at its mouth to keep sightseers and vandals at bay. No more than a few dozen people will ever see Ursa Minor, and those who have said they'll never forget it.
"It was exhilarating and overwhelming," McBride said. "You constantly look for these things, and cavers always joke about finding the big one. To find the one we always joked about is just amazing. This is the creme de la creme of finding caves." <
Speleology
>Little known to many visitors, the park is home to over 240 known caves, and potentially hundreds more. The caves in the park include California's longest cave at over 20 mi (30 km), Lilburn Cave, as well as spectacular, recently-discovered caves that remain strictly off-limits to all but a handful of specialists who visit on rare occaisions to study cave geology and biology. The only cave open to park visitors remains Crystal Cave, the park's second-longest (at over 3.4 mi/5.5 km), and remarkably well-preserved for the volume of visitation it receives annually.
Park caves, like most caves in the Sierra Nevada of California, are mostly solution caves dissolved from marble. Marble rock is essentially limestone that was metamorphosed by the heat and pressure of the formation and uplift of the Sierra Nevada batholith (ca. 50-10 million years ago). The batholith's rapid uplift over the past 10 million years led to a rapid erosion of the metamorphic rocks in the higher elevations, exposing the granite beneath; therefore, most Sierra Nevada caves are found in the middle and lower elevations (below 7000 ft/2133 m), though some caves are found in the park at elevations as high as 10 000 ft (3 048 m) such as the White Chief cave in Mineral King. These caves are carved out of the rock by the abundant seasonal streams in the park; most of the larger park caves currently have or have had sinking streams running through them.
Caves are discovered every year in the park; in fact, 17 have been discovered since 2003 alone. The most recent major cave discovered in the park, in September 2006, has been named Ursa Minor. Park caves are valued by scientists and cavers alike for their pristine beauty, variety, and endemic cave life.<
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Sequoia National Park:
Location: California, USA
Nearest city: Visalia, CA
Coordinates: "36°26'0?N, 118°41'0?W
Area: 404,051 acres (1,635 km²)
Assuming "while headed to lunch"= approx. noon = 19:00 UT
Using RIYAL 2.60
(Tropical - Placidus)
RIYAL Sat August 19 2006 UT 19h00m00s Lat36n26 Lon118w41 SORT ALL
KX14 = 0Sa02 0s17 20s26 Sco 39.6 244 0.4 [37..41]
DH5 = 0Li27 9n34 8n36 Vir 16.1 104 22.5 [14..30]
GV9 = 0Sc50 13s57 24s47 Hya 39.0 274 21.9 [39..46]
Pallas = 0Cp54 r 39n56 16n30 Her 3.4 5 34.8 [2..3]
BL41 = 1Li21 11s31 11s06 Crt 11.0 31 12.5 [7..13]
VS2 = 1Ge46 13n11 33n24 Per 36.4 246 14.8 [36..42]
OO67 = 1Ar48 r 13s08 11s19 Cet 20.8 12354 20.1 [21..1048
Huya = 1Sc59 10n49 2s00 Vir 29.0 251 15.5 [29..51]
Deucalion= 2Sc16 0n07 12s09 Vir 43.4 296 0.4 [42..47]
CR46 = 2Vi21 0n46 11n21 Leo 17.5 235 2.4 [18..59]
BU48 = 2Vi56 4n52 14n58 Leo 30.1 192 14.2 [21..46]
TC302 = 3Ta20 r 5n48 18n04 Ari 47.3 408 35.1 [39..71]
Juno = 3Vi49 2s14 8n02 Leo 2.6 4 13.0 [2..3]
TD10 = 3Ge53 4s54 16n07 Tau 16.5 927 6.0 [12..178]
Nessus = 4Aq36 r 16s21 34s55 Mic 20.4 122 15.6 [12..37]
Hephaisto= 4Ca36 7n43 31n04 Aur 2.9 3 11.8 [0..4]
MW12 = 5Sa22 r 19n19 2s09 Oph 48.2 311 21.5 [40..52]
Chiron = 5Aq57 r 7n21 11s39 Cap 14.3 51 6.9 [8..19]
Amycus = 6Sc01 13s00 25s44 Hya 15.6 127 13.3 [15..35]
(Ascend) = 6Sc19 0n00 13s38 Vir
Apogee = 6Vi30 1n44 10n44 Leo
Elatus = 6Le43 2n59 21n29 Cnc 12.1 40 5.3 [7..16]
Thereus = 7Ta21 r 2s37 11n29 Ari 10.6 35 20.4 [9..13]
QB243 = 7Pi22 r 0n50 8s02 Aqr 22.2 207 6.8 [15..55]
Vesta = 7Vi23 4n16 12n45 Leo 2.4 4 7.1 [2..3]
Chaos = 8Ge23 3n33 25n12 Tau 41.9 308 12.1 [41..50]
Venus = 8Le30 0n40 18n47 Cnc 0.7 1 3.4
PN34 = 8Pi36 r 11n18 2n08 Aqr 14.7 172 16.6 [13..49]
RZ215 = 9Pi05 r 1s30 9s34 Aqr 31.8 1028 25.5 [31..173]
TO66 = 9Ar15 r 6n49 9n55 Psc 46.5 284 27.5 [38..48]
XZ255 = 9Le45 1n55 19n39 Cnc 16.3 64 2.6 [15..16]
FZ173 = 9Li46 1s52 5s35 Vir 32.6 810 12.7 [32..141]
FP185 = 9Li50 6n39 2n14 Vir 34.4 3398 30.8 [34..418]
GQ21 = 9Sc52 6n06 8s59 Lib 40.4 926 13.3 [38..152]
Urania = 10Sc08 1s51 16s37 Lib 2.6 0 0.0 [0..0]
Ixion = 10Sa08 r 0s08 22s06 Oph 42.2 250 19.6 [30..49]
XX143 = 10Le13 2n51 20n25 Cnc 25.9 76 6.8 [10..26]
(Moon) = 11Ca36 5n01 27n56 Gem 1.0 0 5.2
CO1 = 11Li47 16n40 10n41 Vir 10.9 96 19.7 [11..31]
Jupiter = 11Sc47 0n57 14s28 Lib 5.4 12 1.3
(Midheav) = 11Le51 0n00 17n14 Cnc
EL61 = 11Li58 26n31 19n37 Com 51.2 285 28.2 [35..52]
Radamantu= 12Li04 0s40 5s23 Vir 39.4 245 12.7 [33..45]
XR190 = 13Ge24 0n01 22n25 Tau 58.3 431 46.8 [52..62]
Uranus = 13Pi24 r 0s49 7s16 Aqr 20.1 84 0.8
Mercury = 14Le13 1n10 17n41 Cnc 0.3 0 7.0
Quaoar = 14Sa21 r 7n24 15s10 Oph 43.3 288 8.0 [42..45]
PJ30 = 14Aq29 r 2n08 14s26 Aqr 43.5 1394 5.7 [29..221]
GB32 = 15Li01 4n39 1s38 Vir 36.1 3218 14.2 [35..401]
CF119 = 15Le26 4s01 12n22 Cnc 38.8 844 19.7 [39..140]
Pylenor = 15Ge53 4s48 17n55 Tau 19.9 68 5.4 [12..22]
Damocles = 16Aq11 r 4n48 11s24 Aqr 21.3 41 61.9 [2..22]
OM67 = 16Pi21 r 8n04 2n03 Psc 41.5 974 23.4 [39..157]
Saturn = 16Le25 0n50 16n42 Cnc 9.1 30 2.5
Echeclus = 16Li39 1n52 4s50 Vir 12.6 35 4.3 [6..16]
WL7 = 16Ta43 7n03 23n35 Ari 15.4 90 11.2 [15..25]
TX300 = 16Ar53 r 20n59 25n52 And 41.2 283 25.9 [38..48]
SB60 = 17Pi21 r 22n39 15n50 Peg 43.8 272 23.9 [37..47]
Mars = 17Vi36 0n54 5n44 Leo 1.7 2 1.8
GZ32 = 17Li36 14n33 6n34 Vir 20.0 112 15.0 [18..28]
Varuna = 17Ca37 2n50 25n05 Gem 43.3 281 17.2 [41..45]
AW197 = 17Le46 8s38 7n17 Cnc 46.8 326 24.4 [41..54]
Logos = 17Vi58 1n40 6n17 Leo 42.0 306 2.9 [40..51]
Neptune = 18Aq11 r 0s13 15s35 Cap 30.1 165 1.8
Ceres = 18Aq13 r 13s53 28s32 PsA 3.0 5 10.6 [3..3]
FZ53 = 18Sc45 18n40 0n35 Ser 20.5 117 34.8 [12..35]
SQ73 = 19Ta12 8n51 26n01 Ari 16.7 73 17.5 [14..20]
Orpheus = 19Sa42 4n39 18s24 Oph 1.6 1 2.7 [1..2]
Chariklo = 19Li45 22s16 28s10 Hya 13.2 63 23.4 [13..19]
Asbolus = 19Ar54 r 3n04 10n37 Psc 9.9 76 17.6 [7..29]
LE31 = 20Ca01 2s39 19n20 Gem 10.9 0 0.0 [0..0]
Sedna = 20Ta14 11s54 6n19 Cet 88.7 10731 11.9 [76..897]
PB112 = 20Pi19 r 2s02 5s43 Aqr 35.6 1107 15.5 [35..179]
Vertex = 20Ge26
QB1 = 20Ar53 r 0n46 8n52 Psc 41.0 290 2.2 [41..47]
QD112 = 20Ar58 r 4n31 12n22 Psc 14.5 83 14.5 [8..30]
Pelion = 21Pi06 r 6s42 9s41 Aqr 18.7 89 9.4 [17..23]
KF77 = 21Sc09 2s45 20s42 Lib 21.1 134 4.4 [20..32]
Eris = 21Ar14 r 14s25 5s06 Cet 96.9 557 44.2 [38..98]
XA255 = 21Le18 6n35 20n38 Leo 11.3 165 12.7 [9..51]
CO104 = 21Vi23 0n03 3n27 Leo 21.3 119 3.1 [21..28]
OX3 = 21Aq32 r 2n26 12s02 Cap 24.0 183 2.6 [18..47]
FY9 = 21Vi36 28n30 29n16 Com 52.0 309 29.0 [39..53]
RZ214 = 21Ar37 r 5n17 13n19 Psc 42.3 773 20.5 [37..132]
AZ84 = 21Ca42 8s27 13n21 Gem 45.6 248 13.6 [32..47]
RR43 = 21Ta54 17s36 1n13 Tau 38.4 282 28.5 [37..49]
CR105 = 21Le58 5n30 19n23 Leo 55.7 3268 22.8 [44..396]
Heracles = 22Ta14 10n14 28n12 Ari 2.3 2 9.1 [0..3]
Cyllarus = 22Ge14 5n51 29n04 Aur 22.0 133 12.7 [16..36]
RM43 = 22Ta15 17s11 1n41 Tau 35.1 850 28.8 [35..144]
HB57 = 22Li17 1n31 7s16 Vir 38.2 2129 15.5 [38..293]
VQ94 = 22Vi29 52n51 49n42 CVn 6.9 2893 70.5 [7..399]
RL43 = 22Ar44 r 7s49 1n35 Cet 23.8 121 12.3 [23..25]
VR130 = 22Ta56 2s36 15n59 Tau 14.8 116 3.5 [15..33]
CZ118 = 23Vi48 4s41 1s50 Leo 42.9 1273 27.7 [38..197]
Hylonome = 23Sc55 3n32 15s20 Lib 20.5 127 4.1 [19..32]
TL66 = 24Ta05 6s23 12n36 Tau 35.3 753 24.0 [35..130]
Pluto = 24Sa09 r 7n25 15s54 Ser 31.2 251 17.1 [30..50]
TY364 = 24Ar18 r 22s36 11s38 Cet 39.7 241 24.8 [36..41]
UJ438 = 24Ta21 2n10 20n58 Ari 10.2 73 3.8 [8..27]
OP32 = 24Aq23 r 18n12 3n49 Equ 41.2 284 27.2 [39..48]
RD215 = 24Ar39 r 3n25 12n44 Psc 40.4 1340 26.0 [38..206]
Flora = 25Sc06 3n20 15s49 Lib 2.4 0 0.0 [0..0]
YQ179 = 25Ca06 1n39 22n44 Gem 38.7 837 20.9 [37..140]
SA278 = 25Ar13 r 9s17 1n06 Cet 41.8 874 16.3 [33..150]
Node = 25Pi41 r 0n00 1s43 Psc
Lilith = 26Li01 3s08 12s58 Vir 3.2 0 0.0 [0..0]
GM137 = 26Cp16 r 9s12 29s55 Sgr 7.7 22 15.8 [7..9]
Okyrhoe = 26Ca23 12s11 8n54 CMi 6.2 24 15.6 [6..11]
UR163 = 26Ar33 r 0n45 10n57 Psc 50.0 368 0.8 [37..66]
Sun = 26Le39 0n00 12n38 Leo 1.0 1 0.0
FX128 = 26Li47 13n29 2n17 Vir 28.1 1042 22.3 [18..188]
Dioretsa = 26Ta48 r 17s50 2n03 Tau 16.2 0 0.0 [0..0]
MS4 = 27Sa07 r 14n16 9s08 Oph 47.4 271 17.7 [36..48]
Icarus = 27Sc07 5s53 25s15 Lib 1.5 1 22.9 [0..2]
Orcus = 27Le28 17s26 4s03 Hya 47.7 247 20.6 [31..48]
Bienor = 27Pi38 r 7n02 5n31 Psc 18.4 67 20.8 [13..20]
CY118 = 27Vi48 7n05 7n23 Vir 34.6 878 25.6 [35..149]
RN43 = 27Aq50 r 12n48 0s11 Aqr 40.7 268 19.3 [41..42]
Crantor = 29Sc02 10n30 9s41 Lib 14.5 86 12.8 [14..25]
Pholus = 29Sc46 21n05 0n32 Ser 20.6 92 24.7 [9..32]
UX25 = 29Ar52 r 1s24 10n07 Psc 42.2 277 19.5 [37..49]
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Focused Minor Planets
1)
Orcus = 27 Le 28 (Underground World/Movements)
Sun = 26 Le 39
Icarus = 27 Sc 07 Square
FX128 = 26 Li 47 Sextile
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2)
AW197 = 17 Le 46 (Underground Architecture/Structure)
Saturn = 16 Le 25
Neptune = 18 Aq 11 r
Ceres = 18 Aq 13 r
Mars = 17 Vi 36 Semisextile
--------------
3)
OO67 = 1 Ar 48 r (Something Rising from the Past)
Neptune = 18 Aq 11 r Semisquare
__________________________
(Sidereal - Fagan/Bradley)
RIYAL Sat August 19 2006 UT 19h00m00s Lat36n26 Lon118w41 SORT ALL
Flora = 0Sc16 3n20 15s48 Lib 2.4 0 0.0 [0..0]
YQ179 = 0Ca16 1n39 22n44 Gem 38.7 837 20.9 [37..140]
SA278 = 0Ar23 r 9s17 1n06 Cet 41.8 874 16.3 [33..150]
Node = 0Pi51 r 0n00 1s43 Psc
Lilith = 1Li11 3s08 12s58 Vir 3.2 0 0.0 [0..0]
GM137 = 1Cp26 r 9s12 29s55 Sgr 7.7 22 15.8 [7..9]
Okyrhoe = 1Ca33 12s11 8n54 CMi 6.2 24 15.6 [6..11]
UR163 = 1Ar43 r 0n45 10n57 Psc 50.0 368 0.8 [37..66]
Sun = 1Le49 0n00 12n38 Leo 1.0 1 0.0
FX128 = 1Li57 13n29 2n17 Vir 28.1 1042 22.3 [18..188]
Dioretsa = 1Ta58 r 17s50 2n03 Tau 16.2 0 0.0 [0..0]
MS4 = 2Sa17 r 14n16 9s08 Oph 47.4 271 17.7 [36..48]
Icarus = 2Sc17 5s53 25s14 Lib 1.5 1 22.9 [0..2]
Orcus = 2Le38 17s26 4s03 Hya 47.7 247 20.6 [31..48]
Bienor = 2Pi48 r 7n02 5n31 Psc 18.4 67 20.8 [13..20]
CE10 = 2Sc49 r 34s36 52s54 Lup 8.7 0 0.0 [0..0]
CY118 = 2Vi58 7n05 7n23 Vir 34.6 878 25.6 [35..149]
RN43 = 3Aq00 r 12n48 0s11 Aqr 40.7 268 19.3 [41..42]
Crantor = 4Sc12 10n30 9s41 Lib 14.5 86 12.8 [14..25]
Pholus = 4Sc56 21n05 0n32 Ser 20.6 92 24.7 [9..32]
UX25 = 5Ar02 r 1s24 10n07 Psc 42.2 277 19.5 [37..49]
KX14 = 5Sc12 0s17 20s26 Sco 39.6 244 0.4 [37..41]
DH5 = 5Vi37 9n34 8n36 Vir 16.1 104 22.5 [14..30]
GV9 = 6Li00 13s57 24s46 Hya 39.0 274 21.9 [39..46]
Pallas = 6Sa04 r 39n56 16n30 Her 3.4 5 34.8 [2..3]
BL41 = 6Vi31 11s31 11s06 Crt 11.0 31 12.5 [7..13]
VS2 = 6Ta56 13n11 33n23 Per 36.4 246 14.8 [36..42]
OO67 = 6Pi58 r 13s08 11s19 Cet 20.8 12354 20.1 [21..1048
Huya = 7Li09 10n49 2s00 Vir 29.0 251 15.5 [29..51]
Deucalion= 7Li26 0n07 12s09 Vir 43.4 296 0.4 [42..47]
CR46 = 7Le31 0n46 11n21 Leo 17.5 235 2.4 [18..59]
BU48 = 8Le06 4n52 14n58 Leo 30.1 192 14.2 [21..46]
TC302 = 8Ar30 r 5n48 18n04 Ari 47.3 408 35.1 [39..71]
Juno = 8Le59 2s14 8n02 Leo 2.6 4 13.0 [2..3]
TD10 = 9Ta03 4s54 16n07 Tau 16.5 927 6.0 [12..178]
Nessus = 9Cp46 r 16s21 34s55 Mic 20.4 122 15.6 [12..37]
Hephaisto= 9Ge46 7n43 31n04 Aur 2.9 3 11.8 [0..4]
MW12 = 10Sc32 r 19n19 2s09 Oph 48.2 311 21.5 [40..52]
Chiron = 11Cp07 r 7n21 11s39 Cap 14.3 51 6.9 [8..19]
Amycus = 11Li11 13s00 25s44 Hya 15.6 127 13.3 [15..35]
(Ascend) = 11Li29 0n00 13s38 Vir
Apogee = 11Le40 1n44 10n44 Leo
Elatus = 11Ca53 2n59 21n29 Cnc 12.1 40 5.3 [7..16]
Thereus = 12Ar31 r 2s37 11n29 Ari 10.6 35 20.4 [9..13]
QB243 = 12Aq32 r 0n50 8s02 Aqr 22.2 207 6.8 [15..55]
Vesta = 12Le33 4n16 12n45 Leo 2.4 4 7.1 [2..3]
Astraea = 12Ar39 5s24 8n53 Cet 2.8 0 0.0 [0..0]
Eurydike = 13Aq18 r 5s02 13s11 Aqr 1.9 0 0.0 [0..0]
Chaos = 13Ta33 3n33 25n12 Tau 41.9 308 12.1 [41..50]
Venus = 13Ca40 0n40 18n47 Cnc 0.7 1 3.4
PN34 = 13Aq46 r 11n18 2n08 Aqr 14.7 172 16.6 [13..49]
RZ215 = 14Aq15 r 1s30 9s34 Aqr 31.8 1028 25.5 [31..173]
TO66 = 14Pi25 r 6n49 9n55 Psc 46.5 284 27.5 [38..48]
XZ255 = 14Ca55 1n55 19n39 Cnc 16.3 64 2.6 [15..16]
FZ173 = 14Vi56 1s52 5s35 Vir 32.6 810 12.7 [32..141]
FP185 = 15Vi00 6n39 2n14 Vir 34.4 3398 30.8 [34..418]
GQ21 = 15Li02 6n06 8s58 Lib 40.4 926 13.3 [38..152]
Urania = 15Li18 1s51 16s36 Lib 2.6 0 0.0 [0..0]
Ixion = 15Sc18 r 0s08 22s06 Oph 42.2 250 19.6 [30..49]
XX143 = 15Ca23 2n51 20n25 Cnc 25.9 76 6.8 [10..26]
(Moon) = 16Ge46 5n01 27n56 Gem 1.0 0 5.2
CO1 = 16Vi57 16n40 10n41 Vir 10.9 96 19.7 [11..31]
Jupiter = 16Li57 0n57 14s28 Lib 5.4 12 1.3
Midheav = 17Ca01 0n00 17n14 Cnc
EL61 = 17Vi08 26n31 19n37 Com 51.2 285 28.2 [35..52]
Radamantu= 17Vi14 0s40 5s23 Vir 39.4 245 12.7 [33..45]
Hidalgo = 17Vi17 0n57 3s55 Vir 5.0 0 0.0 [0..0]
XR190 = 18Ta34 0n01 22n25 Tau 58.3 431 46.8 [52..62]
Uranus = 18Aq34 r 0s49 7s16 Aqr 20.1 84 0.8
Mercury = 19Ca23 1n10 17n41 Cnc 0.3 0 7.0
Quaoar = 19Sc31 r 7n24 15s10 Oph 43.3 288 8.0 [42..45]
PJ30 = 19Cp39 r 2n08 14s26 Aqr 43.5 1394 5.7 [29..221]
GB32 = 20Vi11 4n39 1s38 Vir 36.1 3218 14.2 [35..401]
CF119 = 20Ca36 4s01 12n22 Cnc 38.8 844 19.7 [39..140]
Pylenor = 21Ta03 4s48 17n55 Tau 19.9 68 5.4 [12..22]
Damocles = 21Cp21 r 4n48 11s24 Aqr 21.3 41 61.9 [2..22]
OM67 = 21Aq31 r 8n04 2n03 Psc 41.5 974 23.4 [39..157]
Saturn = 21Ca35 0n50 16n42 Cnc 9.1 30 2.5
Echeclus = 21Vi49 1n52 4s50 Vir 12.6 35 4.3 [6..16]
WL7 = 21Ar53 7n03 23n35 Ari 15.4 90 11.2 [15..25]
TX300 = 22Pi03 r 20n59 25n52 And 41.2 283 25.9 [38..48]
SB60 = 22Aq31 r 22n39 15n50 Peg 43.8 272 23.9 [37..47]
Mars = 22Le46 0n54 5n44 Leo 1.7 2 1.8
GZ32 = 22Vi46 14n33 6n34 Vir 20.0 112 15.0 [18..28]
Varuna = 22Ge47 2n50 25n05 Gem 43.3 281 17.2 [41..45]
AW197 = 22Ca56 8s38 7n17 Cnc 46.8 326 24.4 [41..54]
Logos = 23Le08 1n40 6n17 Leo 42.0 306 2.9 [40..51]
Neptune = 23Cp21 r 0s13 15s35 Cap 30.1 165 1.8
Ceres = 23Cp23 r 13s53 28s32 PsA 3.0 5 10.6 [3..3]
FZ53 = 23Li55 18n40 0n35 Ser 20.5 117 34.8 [12..35]
SQ73 = 24Ar22 8n51 26n01 Ari 16.7 73 17.5 [14..20]
Orpheus = 24Sc52 4n39 18s24 Oph 1.6 1 2.7 [1..2]
Chariklo = 24Vi55 22s16 28s10 Hya 13.2 63 23.4 [13..19]
Asbolus = 25Pi04 r 3n04 10n37 Psc 9.9 76 17.6 [7..29]
LE31 = 25Ge11 2s39 19n20 Gem 10.9 0 0.0 [0..0]
Sedna = 25Ar24 11s54 6n19 Cet 88.7 10731 11.9 [76..897]
PB112 = 25Aq29 r 2s02 5s43 Aqr 35.6 1107 15.5 [35..179]
Vertex = 25Ta36
QB1 = 26Pi03 r 0n46 8n52 Psc 41.0 290 2.2 [41..47]
QD112 = 26Pi08 r 4n31 12n22 Psc 14.5 83 14.5 [8..30]
Pelion = 26Aq16 r 6s42 9s41 Aqr 18.7 89 9.4 [17..23]
KF77 = 26Li19 2s45 20s42 Lib 21.1 134 4.4 [20..32]
Eris = 26Pi24 r 14s25 5s06 Cet 96.9 557 44.2 [38..98]
XA255 = 26Ca28 6n35 20n38 Leo 11.3 165 12.7 [9..51]
CO104 = 26Le33 0n03 3n27 Leo 21.3 119 3.1 [21..28]
OX3 = 26Cp42 r 2n26 12s01 Cap 24.0 183 2.6 [18..47]
FY9 = 26Le46 28n30 29n16 Com 52.0 309 29.0 [39..53]
RZ214 = 26Pi47 r 5n17 13n19 Psc 42.3 773 20.5 [37..132]
AZ84 = 26Ge52 8s27 13n20 Gem 45.6 248 13.6 [32..47]
RR43 = 27Ar04 17s36 1n12 Tau 38.4 282 28.5 [37..49]
CR105 = 27Ca08 5n30 19n23 Leo 55.7 3268 22.8 [44..396]
Heracles = 27Ar24 10n14 28n12 Ari 2.3 2 9.1 [0..3]
Cyllarus = 27Ta24 5n51 29n03 Aur 22.0 133 12.7 [16..36]
RM43 = 27Ar25 17s11 1n41 Tau 35.1 850 28.8 [35..144]
HB57 = 27Vi27 1n31 7s16 Vir 38.2 2129 15.5 [38..293]
VQ94 = 27Le39 52n51 49n42 CVn 6.9 2893 70.5 [7..399]
RL43 = 27Pi54 r 7s49 1n35 Cet 23.8 121 12.3 [23..25]
VR130 = 28Ar06 2s36 15n59 Tau 14.8 116 3.5 [15..33]
CZ118 = 28Le58 4s41 1s50 Leo 42.9 1273 27.7 [38..197]
Hylonome = 29Li05 3n32 15s20 Lib 20.5 127 4.1 [19..32]
TL66 = 29Ar15 6s23 12n35 Tau 35.3 753 24.0 [35..130]
Pluto = 29Sc19 r 7n25 15s54 Ser 31.2 251 17.1 [30..50]
TY364 = 29Pi28 r 22s36 11s38 Cet 39.7 241 24.8 [36..41]
UJ438 = 29Ar31 2n10 20n57 Ari 10.2 73 3.8 [8..27]
OP32 = 29Cp33 r 18n12 3n49 Equ 41.2 284 27.2 [39..48]
RD215 = 29Pi49 r 3n25 12n44 Psc 40.4 1340 26.0 [38..206]
______________________
Focused Minor Planets
1)
Orcus = 2 Le 38 (Underground World/Movements)
Sun = 1 Le 49
Icarus = 2 Sc 17 Square
FX128 = 1 Li 57 Sextile
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2)
AW197 = 22 Ca 56 (Underground Architecture/Structure)
Saturn = 21 Ca 35
Neptune = 23 Cp 21 r
Ceres = 23 Cp 23 r
Mars = 22 Le 46 Semisextile
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3)
OO67 = 6 Pi 58 r (Something Rising from the Past)
Neptune = 23 Cp 21 r Semisquare
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